In February 2026 Spain introduced Royal Decree‑Law 10/2025 to give effect to the International Court of Justice’s 2024 advisory opinion, criminalising the import, marketing or sale of goods produced in Israeli settlements on occupied Palestinian territory. The decree aligns Spain with a growing number of EU members calling for a comprehensive prohibition on settlement products.

Companies still advertising to Spain

Field Produce Marketing, Hadiklaim and Agrifood Marketing – all of which own farms and processing sites in the West Bank and the Golan Heights, territories the United Nations and the International Court of Justice deem illegally occupied – continue to promote their dates, almonds and peanuts as being sold in Spanish supermarkets.

Field Produce runs four processing facilities, one of which is located in the Yafit settlement in the Jordan Valley. Its website lists three Spanish distributors – Delinuts, Importaco and La Piedra Redonda – and stresses the “strategic location” of its West Bank sites while omitting any reference to the legal status of the land. The company exports roughly 65 % of its output to Europe.

Hadiklaim, a cooperative that markets nine date varieties under the brands MyJool, Jordan River and King Salomon Dates, displays a map that highlights Spain as a key market. Its orchards are situated in the settlements of Yafit, Galil, Almog, Beit Ha'arava and Tomer. Before the February 2026 resolution, its dates were sold by Aldi, El Corte Inglés, Lidl, Carrefour and Mercadona. After the ban, Carrefour and Mercadona told Público they no longer carry goods from the occupied territories; other retailers did not reply.

Agrifood Marketing claims it can provide all date varieties year‑round thanks to the climate of the Jordan Valley and the Dead Sea area. Its online map lists Spain among a dozen export destinations, but the firm does not name specific Spanish buyers and declined to discuss compliance with the Spanish decree.

Retailer responses and enforcement gaps

Major Spanish retailers have publicly affirmed support for the February 2026 resolution issued by the State Tax Administration Agency (AEAT). Carrefour Spain stated it does not sell "products originating from Israel or Palestine" in Spain. Lidl said it has a "firm commitment to human rights" and follows a strict international supplier code of conduct, though it did not provide audit details. Eroski claimed its purchasing policy respects human rights and dignity. Mercadona said it informs its suppliers about the legal requirement but did not describe how it checks product origins. Aldi, Ahorramás, Alcampo, Dia and El Corte Inglés either declined to comment or did not respond.

AEAT told the newspaper Público that sanction cases are handled by individual customs offices and that data are not centrally automated. Customs officers verify certificates of origin, but complex supply chains, repackaging and third‑party distributors can conceal the true source. Some items are labelled generically as “Mediterranean dates” or “Middle‑Eastern nuts,” making origin tracing difficult.

Investigations reveal mismatches

An investigation by the French network CIDSE and the Israeli research centre Who Profits, reported to Público, found that the three firms still advertised their presence in the Spanish market in mid‑July 2026. Researchers compared the firms’ own marketing with customs records and identified mismatches that suggest possible loopholes or weak enforcement.

Field Produce’s promotional material stresses product quality and the strategic location of its West Bank sites, without mentioning the legal status of the land. Hadiklaim received about €3 million from Israel’s Ministry of Economy between 2019 and 2021 as compensation for export losses linked to earlier trade limits. Agrifood Marketing does not disclose its Spanish buyers, making verification of compliance especially opaque.

Legal and political context

EU law obliges member states to enforce the ICJ advisory opinion, yet national application is uneven. France and Ireland have announced comparable bans, but the European Commission has not issued a binding rule for uniform checks. Belgium and the Netherlands have passed national laws; other countries rely on voluntary corporate codes.

Legal experts anticipate that Spanish courts may need to interpret the decree’s scope if a retailer is found selling settlement‑origin dates, potentially leading to stricter customs checks and EU‑wide coordination. Human‑rights organisations argue that any trade benefiting the settlement economy supports the occupation and harms prospects for a two‑state solution.

Calls for stronger oversight

Spanish trade unions have called for tighter oversight, arguing that proof of origin should fall on exporters and proposing an EU‑wide certified‑origin database. NGOs intend to keep monitoring supermarket shelves and publishing traceability reports; CIDSE and Who Profits plan to update their database and urge AEAT to release aggregated enforcement data.

Continued export of settlement produce reduces market share for Palestinian farmers and reinforces economic pressure on them, a point highlighted by the ICJ’s warning that trade in settlement goods legitimises the occupation.